Compartment-kiln.



R. H. McELROY.

COMPARTMENT KILN.

I APPLICATION FILED JUNE 20. 1917.

1,254,421. Patented Jan. 22,1918..

5 SHEETS-SHEEI I.

Patented Jan. 22, 1918.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2- R. H. McELROY.

COMPARTMENT KILN.

INWNT APPLICATION FILED JUNE 20.19M-

R. H. McELROY.

COMPARTMENT KILN.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 20. 1917.

Patented J an. 22, 1918.

5 SHEETS-SHEET a.

UNITED STATES PATENT ornion.

' ROY H. McELROY, oF nAYToN, oiiIo, ASSIGNOR TO THE INTERNATIONAL CLAY MACH INERY 00.,

0F DAYTON, OHIO.

1 COMPARTMEN'T-KILN.

Application filed June 20,

To all whom it may concern 2 Be it known that I, ROY H. MoELRoY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Dayton, in the county of Montgomery and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Compartment- Kilns; and I do declare the following to be a full,'clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in sectional kilns of the com partment type having bag walls on each side of the compartments; One object of the invention is ,to' provide an improved communicating flue system whereby the burners in the bag walls are individually supplied with air, and another object of the invention is to provide an improved form of gas ducts whereby the gas is led to the burners from beneath the kiln. Other ob jects of the invention will be referred to in the specification and pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate the several features of the kiln, Figure 1 is a longitudinal, vertical section through a portion of a complete kiln. Fig. 2 is a similar view showing a modified construction. Fig. 3 is a section on the line 33 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a section on the line 41 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a section on the line 55 of Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a section on the line 66 of Fig.1. Fig. 7 is a section on the line 77 of Fig. 1. Fig. 8 is a section on the line 8-8 of Fig. 1. Fig. 9 is a'section on the line 99 of Fig. 1. Figs. 10 and 11 are plan views of kilns showing various water-smoking flue arrangements, and Figs. 12 and 13 are detail views of a modified construction of the connection between the lateral and main draft flues.

It is to be understood that the present invention may be applied to any of the wellknown forms of compartment kilns, either single or double battery or en bloc, etc. As

is well known, kilns ofthis type are provided with a plurality of communicating compartments which are adapted to receive the e e to be -bu n dare various com Specification of Letters Patent.

previously fired and cooling compartments in the rear. The green ware is placed in the kiln in a compartment somewhat in ad vance of the compartment being fired, and the burnt ware is removed from a compart ment somewhat in the rear and after the ware has cooled. Inthe present instance the kiln consists of a plurality of compartments A, B, C and D. These compartments are separated by walls 1 and are provided with end walls 2, an arched top 3, and partially perforated floors a. The endwalls 2 are provided with doors 5 which permit access to be had with the interior of the kiln. Arranged along each side of each compartment and lying parallel to thewalls 1 are bag-walls 6 behind which the heat used in burning is generated. The heat rises from behind the bag-walls and, being deflected by the arched top 3, passes down through the ware and through the perforated fioor where it is conducted to the next compartment through fiues 7 and 8. The fines 7 and 8, inaddition to transmitting the heated air from the burnt compartment to the unburnt compartments ahead thereof, also conduct the air to support the combustion of the fuel from the burnt compartments in the rear thereof. The exit out of the compartments and the entrance into the flues is through the perforated'floors, while the entrance into the compartments from the fines is through the bag-walls and through. ports 9 at the bottom of the bag walls and at the ends of the fiues. The ports 9 are located adjacent to and below burner openings 10 placed within the division walls 1 and discharging behind thebag walls. As the air, which is in a heated condition, is the lighter and is introduced into the compartments below the gas, a better mixture is obtained which results in more complete combustion. To permit the burners 10 to be individually supplied with air the fines 7 and 8 are constructed as follows:

The fines 7 and 8 lie beneath the perforated floors t and are separated by division walls 11 having expansion joints 24. At the ex treme left end of the kil-n, as seen-in Figs. 1 and 2, the fines? and 8 communicate with Patented Jan. 22, 18118. 7

I. a l'ateral fiue' 'l2 which is connected to a similarflue at the other end of thekiln by a tunnel 27 which is a well-known'part of kilns "of this type. The lateral flues 12v and the tunnel 27 permit the end compartments of the kiln to communicate with each other.

same as the width of the compartments and, I said fiues'7 supply air to the left bag-Walls.

V the compartmentand supply air-to the right The fines 7 are of a length substantially the ofth'e compartments. The fiues 8 are of a length approximatelydouble the width of bag-walls of the compartments as seen from arearranged in a staggered form This arand 8 connect with lateral .draft tunnels 13 -which-"in .tnrn connectwith a .main draft.

tunnel 25. The main draft tunnel 25' connects with a draftappliance such as a fan or Y stack (not shown) 1n any well-known man- I jner. In Fig. 6 the lateral draft' flues .13 connect directly with the main draft flue 25,

so I

r struction is shown. In this construction the fluesl3 and25 are provided withup-takes whileiin F g 2 a 13' a modified Con- 28'and 29 which {extend to the surface of the ground where theyare'connected by a removable hood 30. When the hood is not inuse, the up-takes maybe closed by'caps The heated air from the burning compartment is-conductedinto one of the flues 13.

Fafter it has spent-its heat in heating the ware 1n the advance compartments. The

burners 10'may'be supplied with gas through down-takes 14-, shown in Fig. 2, and which.

pass through the divisionwalls 1. The

'- down-takes l textend from lateral gas .tun-

nels 15 in theupper portion ofthe kiln. The communication between the tunnels l5 and" the down-takes 14 are controlled by valves 16. The tunnels15freceive gas from air-main gas. duct 17 through ducts 18. In

Figs. 1 and 5 to 9inclusiveadifierent construction 'of gas fluesgis shown. In this construction the gas ducts lie beneath the kiln.' As, shown in" the loeforementioned v1ews,,theburners-10 are connected to upa takes 19 which lie within the division walls 1. At their lower ends the .up-takes 19 con'- nect with lateral horizontal ducts 20 which liebeneath the fiues7 and 8. Theducts 20 communicate with the main as ducts 21 lying along the sides of the k ln below the ground line,;as will be seen from Fig. 9. The communication between themaingas duct 21 and the ducts 20 is controlled by valves. 22 In this construction the up,- takes 19.7fm? the burners 10 of the left bagwalls of the compartment occupy the extreme right end of the flues 8, while a dead space 23 is provided between some of the walls 11 for the u'p-takes 19 of the burners 10 of the left bag-walls of the compartments. To permit the uptakes 19 of the left bag-walls of'the compartments to communicate withtheir gas burners 10,'a short horizontal duct 26 is provided in the division walls 1. As will be seen from'Fig. .7,' the dead spaces 23 alternate with each set of fines 7 and 8, there being two long and two short flues to each set. V

. To. permit-the green ware to be watei' smoked the kiln maybe provided with any well known type ofwater-smoking flue or the following: In Figs. 3 and 10, the kiln is provided withwater-smoking fines 31 which extendalong the sides of the kiln and are connected to the compartments by hoods or removableducts 32 through-ports 33 in the topof thecompartments. When the kiln is constructed in a double battery form, the

opposite ends of the water-smoking flues are connected by lateral ducts (not shown)'but which-are well known in the art. In Fig. 11

which shows a double line of compartments constructed .en bloc, a" water-smok ng flue;

34 isplaced centrally between the. compartments and isconnected with ,the compart-' ments byfducts 35 andports 33similar'to the construction shown inFig. 10.

The mode of operation is as follows, (see Figs. 1 and 2) Assuming. that the compart ment C is being fired, the air-to support combustion enters the compartment Conone side from compartment B through its I perforated floorthrough the long fiues 8 and behlnd the right bag wall 6. On the other side the air enters behind the left bag wall and is conducted from compartment B through the shorter flues 7. In practice a plurallty of compartments to the. left of compartment C are used in pre-heatingthe air and the heated air from compartment A enters compartment B in the same manner as the air from B enters G. The air originally enters the kiln through the doors 5,.

the wickets of the first pre-heating compartment being broken open. The direction of firing is shown by the arrow,"and the ware in-a'plurality of compartments to the right of the'compartment being fired is pre-heated by the products of combustion fromfthe burning compartment. The products of combustion from the burning compartment and from one-pre-heating compartment to another are conductedin the same manner and gthroughthe same ports and fiues as is the an used to support combustion in the burning compartment.

Having described my inventionyI claim:'

1. A .kiln provided with a. plurality of compartments, bag-walls ateach side of said compartments, perforat d floors for said compartments, said kiln =bein g provided with burner openings behind said bag-walls, and individualair fines for said burner openings which lie beneath and communicate with said perforated floors.

2. A kiln provided with a plurality of compartments, bag-walls at each side of said compartments, perforated floors for said compartments, said kiln beingprovided with burner openings which discharge behind said bag-walls, and individual air fines for said bnrn'er openings lying beneath and communicating with said perforated floors, the fines for the burner openings onone side of the compartment being of greater length than the fines for the burner openings on the other side of the compartments.

3. A kiln provided with a plurality of compartments, bag-walls at each side of said compartments, perforated fioors for said compartments, said kiln being provided with burner openings which discharge behind said bag-walls, and individual air fines for said burner openings lying beneath and communicating with said perforated floors, the fines for the burner openings on one side of the compartments being of a length approximately equal to the width of the compartments, while the fines for the burner openings on the opposite side being approximately twice the length of the first named fines.

4. A kiln provided with a plurality of compartments, bag-walls at each side of said compartments, perforated fioors for said compartments, said kiln being provided with burner openings which discharge be hind said bag-walls, and individual air fines for said burner openings lying beneath and communicating with said perforated floors, the fines for the burner openings on one side of the compartments being arranged in longitndinal lines, while the fines for the burner openings on the other side of the compartments are arranged in a staggered form.

5. A kiln provided with a plurality of compartments, bag-walls at each side of said compartments, perforated. floors for said compartments, said kiln being provided with burner openings which dischar e behind said bag-walls, and individual air fines for said burner openings lying beneath and communicating with said perforated floors, the fines for the burner openings on one side of the compartments being arranged in longitudinal lines while the fines for the burner openings on the other sides of the compartments are arranged in a staggered form, the floor above the right ends of the longer fines being solid.

6. A kiln provided with a plurality of compartments, perforated fioors for said compartments, bag-walls at each side of said compartments, said kiln being provided with burner openings which discharge behind'sai'd bag-waillaand individual air-fines forsaid burner openings lying beneath and communicating with said perforatedfioor, andthe floor above the right ends of the longer fines being solid.

'7. A kiln provided with a plurality of compartments, bag-walls at each side of the compartments, said kiln being provided with burner openings which discharge behind said bag-walls, individual air fines forsaid burner openings connecting said compartments, and gas ducts connected to said burner-openings and passing beneath said air fines.

8. 'A'kiln provided with a plurality of compartments, bag-walls at each side of the compartments,said kiln being provided with perforated fioors and with burner openings,

individual air fines for said burner openings connecting said compartments, and gas ducts connected to said burner openings and passing beneath the floors of the kiln.

9. A kiln provided with a plurality of coin partments, bag-walls at each side of the compartments, said kiln being provided with perforated floors and with burner openings, airfiues connecting said compartments, and gasducts passing beneath the air-fines and provided with up-takes which connect with the burner openings, the np-takes for some of the burner openings occupying the ends of some of the air-fines while the remainder of the np-takes pass between the air-fines.

10. A kiln provided with a plurality of compartments, bag-walls at each side of said compartments, perforated floors for said compartments, said kiln being provided with burner openings which discharge behind said bag-walls, individual air-fines for said burner openings lying beneath and commu nicating with said perforated fioors, the fines for the burner openings on one side of the compartments being of greater length than the fines of the burner openings on the other side of the compartments, and gas ducts passing beneath the air fines and provided with np-takes which connect with the burner openings, some of said up-takes oocnpying the ends of the longer air-fines and the other up-takes passing between the airfines.

11. A kiln provided with division walls which form a plurality of compartments, bag-walls at each side of said compartments, gas ducts in said division walls and communicating with said compartments behind the bag walls, and individual air fines, one for each gas duct connecting and entering said compartments below the gas ducts.

12. A kiln provided with division walls which form a plurality of compartments, bag-walls at each side of said compartments, gas ducts in said division walls and communicating with said compartments behind the bag walls, and individual air-fines, one

, for eachgas duct connecting said compartments and communicating therewith below the gas-ducts.

1a. A kiln provided with a plurality of compartments and gas ports, bag-walls at each side of said compartments, individual compartments and gas ports, bag-Walls at each side of said compartments, individual. air-'flues for said gas ports connecting said '15 compartments, lateral draft fiues connected Copies of this patent maybe obtained for to said air-fines, a main draft flue, up-takes extending from said draft flues, and a removable hood connecting said up-takes.- I

V 15. Arcontinuous kiln comprising a unitary structure provided with a pluralityof compartments both rearwardly and forwardly communicating and "having water-L smoking openings, bag-walls" at each side' of said compartments, air flues connecting sa1d-.compartments, a water-smoking flue for said kiln, and removable ducts connect-.

ing said water-smoking flue and said open- ROY H. MGELROY.

five'icents each, by addressing the 1 Commissioner of Patents,

Washington D. 0.

in testimony whereof I afiix my signature;- 7 l 

